structural design of a building

  BENDING MOMENT OF COLUMN:- M = BENDING MOMENT P = AXIAL LOAD E = DISTANCE BETWEEN THE CONCENTRATED LOAD AND THE CENTER OF THE COLUMN M = P × E     = 534.855 X 0.050       = 26.74275 KN.M   DESIGN OF FOOTING:- MAXIMUM DESIGN AXIAL LOAD= 534.855 KN DESIGN BENDING MOMENT= 26.74275 KN.M CONCRETE MIX= M20 CHARACTERISTIC STRENGTH OF REINFORCEMENT =550 N/MM 2   SIZE OF COLUMN= 300 MM × 300 MM   SAFE BEARING CAPACITY OF SOIL=100 KN/M 2 (ASSUMED)   SO, GIVEN COLUMN AXIAL LOAD= 534.855 KN ADD 10% FOR SELF-WEIGHT= 53.4855 KN TOTAL= 588.3405 KN     AREA REQUIRED :-   (TOTAL LOAD / S.B.C)                               = (588.3405 / 100)                               =5.8834 M 2 AGAIN, WE INCREASE 10% FOR MOMENT AREA   REQUIRED = 1.10 X 5.8834                          = 6.4717455 M 2 IF WIDTH B,   B 2   = 6.4717455   M 2                            = > B = 2.55 M   LET US TRY, WITH A SQURE FOOTING OF SIZE 2.6 M X 2.6 M P MAX

  LOADS ACTING ON COLUMN & ITS FOUNDATION:- We have many types loads on the footings (1st and 2nd are commonly considered in small building's). 1.  Dead loads Actual Loads/Self Loads  (The Actual loads of building's members which is transferred through columns to footings) Super-imposed Loads  (The loads which are exerted by materials which are used to keep the footings covered/hidden under the ground. E.g. Plaster, soil etc...) 2. Live loads The maximum loads that are probably available at some time at the building. It would not be or necessary to be, always. But we are considering them to have a capacity for maximum loading/using circumstance. 3. Seismic Loads Which are: Wind loads Other seismic loads (e.g. Thermal, waves etc...) 4. Soil's lateral loads Dry soil lateral loads (Which is exerted into an angle) Saturated  soil loads (Which is exerted near to perpendicular) 5. Snow & Rain Loads DENSITY OF STEEL – 7750 KG/CU.M DENSITY OF CONCRETE – 2500   KG/CU.M